@chap9898,
so we have free will to go against our own desires. the wish to go against our own desires may be caused by some unknown factor in our history, or it may result in our intellectualizing that our innate desires are wrong...which is also a cause. a choice is a cause and a choice is caused.
everything is connected in some odd way, and i think it is not really linear.
as far as morality, probably there really is no such thing. it can only be evaluated using criteria such as whether or not there is a beneficial effect in behaving a particular way-and then again, i think morality issues are also affected and adjusted in the process of evolution.
basically we are sitting here thinking about things which are going on as they do behind the scenes and we can do nothing about them and it doesnt do any good to know how they work either, not being able to change it. but that must be what philosophy is...
i feel bad i cant understand the algebraic way of expressing these ideas and proofs, but at the same time i suspect they dont really give an accurate picture. for instance, 2+2=4. but if you have two sour oranges and two sweet ones, and each of four people get one, they will not all be of the same opinion as to their fortune in life. and if two of the oranges were as large as grapefruit and two were as small as cherries, any two of the four plus the remaining two would not be of equal weight.