@fast,
fast;143533 wrote:Quote:Speakpigeon Nothing refers to anything on its own. If I say "Wile E. Coyote", it may refer to my idea of Wile E. Coyote or to my idea of the cartoonist's idea of Wile E. Coyote. Still, we have to assume the word refers at the moment it is used to some idea of the speaker, even when this idea may refer to another of the speaker's idea that may itself refers to somebody else's idea, etc.
The term "horse" is a referring term, and it refers to the class of all horses, and it does so even when we misuse the term. For example, when the child at the zoo looks at and points to a zebra and says, "Look at the horse mommy," we know that the child is referring to a zebra, but we also know that the child has mistaken the zebra for a horse. The terms "horse" and "zebra" continue to refer to what they refer to independent of our individual intentions. I too can look at a zebra and intentionally say, "Look at the horse," but at no time is it true that the term, "the horse" therefore refers to the zebra. This notion that terms refer to what we say they do is misguided.
In any case, the reference is dependent on the context. When you say
'The term "horse" is a referring term', yes, but its reference will depend on the context. The child using the term "horse" at the zoo can only use it to refer to what he sees, the zebra in this case, so the term "horse" as used by the child refers in effect to the image of the zebra in his visual field.
It seems you want to say that the reference of term "horse" is somehow fixed (by a dictionary? conventions?) but this is not entirely the case. If I want to use the word in the sense of the dictionary, I will, but I can use it differently, as you pointed out. So clearly, in this case, I would be disagreeing for instance with the dictionary, which is fine.
I agree that it is very nearly what you say it is. We do seem to baptise words by "designation" of the real objects when we are looking at them and keeping up the flamme through repeats and dictionaries. At the level of the "person", we can be content with such an approximation. But if you want to discuss imaginary beings, I think the concept of person is found to be wanting. In fact, the whole thread seems a good example of the shortcomings of this view.
EB