@saiboimushi,
But let me give you a sample of some of my thoughts on this subject. (It's dead at work.)
All that exists must exist: there must be an All, so far as I can see. This All cannot have anything outside of it, or exist apart from any other thing, or else it would not be All.
This All cannot be a quantity, nor (in all likelyhood) can it consist of different things, or else something could concievably be added to it. For example, if All consisted of 2 things, then it could also potentially consist of three, or four, or a million. The quantity 2, or any quantity, has a limit, therefore an
outside. If it did not have a limit, or an outside, it would not be a quantity. In other words, if the universe (the All) had a limit--and if a limit is a boundary, a line of demarcation between 2 or more things--then something (perhaps empty space?) must be waiting on the other side of that limit.
One can count forever and never reach All. Whatever quantity one ends up with, another quantity can be added to it. If no other quantity could be added to it, could it still be a
quantity? (This is the question that I am focusing on now, since it may lead me to an understanding of what quantity is.)
But now let's try to imagine dividing All into parts. One can draw a circle and then draw a line through it, thus dividing the circle into two parts. But the only reason why someone can do this is because the circle is finite. If the circle were infinite, then no line could ever reach from one point on its circumference to another. Each point of the circle's circumference would be infinitely distant from any other. In fact, the circle could not have a circumference, since if it did, it would not be infinite. An infinite circle therefore cannot exist, and a circle (any circle) is a quanitity--it is 1 circle.
But what if someome attempted to divide the All, not by drawing a line through it, but by drawing a shape within it, i.e. a bounded shape drawn or superimposed upon shapeless infinity? Now we're getting into some interesting stuff...
Oh yeah, and here's another thing I was thinking about yesterday. A finite quantity cannot be infinitely divisible, since its infinite divisibility would make it infinite--it's continuity would prevent it from being discrete, at least within itself. And ... as the "Natural Light" informs us ... the infinite cannot be contained within the finite. However, to raise the same question again using different terms: Does the internal continuity of a discrete substance
REALLY AND TRULY render it incapable of being discrete? Within itself it is continuous, but in relation to other substances outside of itself it appears discrete. Strange.
So what you end up with are two paradoxes, two question marks: a finite quantity with nothing outside of it, and an infinitely divisible quanitity (
an All?) with all kinds of things outside of it. No one--not Parmenides, not even Newton--has figured this stuff out. It is an undiscovered country just waiting to be ... discovered.