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Jihad (pronounced /dʒɪˈhɑːd/; Arabic: جهاد ), an Islamic term, is a religious duty of Muslims. In Arabic, the word jihād is a noun meaning "struggle." Jihad appears frequently in the Qur'an and common usage as the idiomatic expression "striving in the way of Allah (al-jihad fi sabil Allah)".[1][2] A person engaged in jihad is called a mujahid, the plural is mujahideen.
A minority among the Sunni scholars sometimes refer to this duty as the sixth pillar of Islam, though it occupies no such official status.[3] In Twelver Shi'a Islam, however, Jihad is one of the 10 Practices of the Religion.
According to scholar John Esposito, Jihad requires Muslims to "struggle in the way of God" or "to struggle to improve one's self and/or society."[3][4] Jihad is directed against Satan's inducements, aspects of one's own self, or against a visible enemy.[1][5] The four major categories of jihad that are recognized are Jihad against one's self (Jihad al-Nafs), Jihad of the tongue (Jihad al-lisan), Jihad of the hand (Jihad al-yad), and Jihad of the sword (Jihad as-sayf).[5] Islamic military jurisprudence focuses on regulating the conditions and practice of Jihad as-sayf, the only form of warfare permissible under Islamic law, and thus the term Jihad is usually used in fiqh manuals in reference to military combat.[5][6]
And Fight those who have not faith in God, nor in the Hereafter, and (who) forbid not what God and His Prophet have forbidden and (who ) are not committed to the religion of truth, of those who have been brought the Book, until they pay tribute by hand, and they are the low.non-Muslims followers of one of the holy books, namely the Jews, Christians and perhaps the Zoroastrians.
The verse is one of war with the People of the Book, but at the same time, it does not tell us to fight them; it tells us to fight only those of them who have no faith in God, in the Hereafter, and who do not abide by the rule of God, allowing what He has forbidden - and who are not religious according to the religion of truth. It is these People of the Book whom we are to fight until they pay the Jezyah (tribute). That is, when they are ready to pay the Jezyah and are humble before us, we are to fight them no more.
It doesn't resonate. The author did a good job in describing but for discussion, what is Jihad and what does it mean and who are these enemies of the book? Personally, I can't buy into this crap. Everyone experiences humiliation at some point. Oh well, get over it and move on to more productive things.
Firstly, the site you posted the above from is a Shia site, and is therefore not a correct representation of the teachings of Islam.
As mentioned by the Wiki definition, jihad means to struggle in the cause of Islam. I take it you are specifically interested in military action? Essentially, all non-Muslim countries are possible targets for jihad. Now before you recoil in shock and disgust, understand that Islam is not a war-mongering religion. Peace treaties are more favourable as long as it does not require the Muslims to accept any injustices. If you look at the biography of Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) you will find his first acts after establishing a state was to enter into peace agreements with his neighbours. Jihad is obligatory in the face of aggression, i.e. non-Muslims attacking or threatening the Muslims. Offensive jihad is optional, where other lands are invaded to spread the religion. This is only permissible where peace agreements have not been made.
But the peace agreements meant that those who opposed Islam where conquered ,
it was revert or die. look at the whole of the ME it was conquered, not reverted by peaceful jihad.
Look at Afghanistan a Buddhist country,the Buddhists where murdered. Look at the Indian subcontinent millions of pagans where killed in jihad, by the followers. Name me the countries that converted by peaceful jihad and those by the sword? Only opposition stopped aggressive jihad.
Xris,
Did you even read his post?
"You are perpetuating a myth that conquered people were forced to convert to Islam. If atrocities were carried out by the Muslims then they went against the teachings of Islam"
I can not see how it can be any clearer than that.
I think your view of history is not the same as mine or others. How did Jews convert to a religion they refused to accept.
Why did Muslims invade their neighbours lands, where they threatened?
Are you denying the invasion of Afghanistan and India. Do you give a reason why they invaded Spain ? I'm not saying Muslims are any diferent to any other invading army but they acted through jihad, is the point i am making.
Yes I did read his post, thank you. I dont understand your defence of Islamic invasion or the reasons why most defeated by the islamic invasion reverted. Become a second class citizen or even worse a slave and you might just revert to your invaders faith.
and why where other faiths made illegal, even to this day. Many Christians committed crimes but did they have authority? History is one long horror story and we can not judge each other by its passing but we must remember what caused these horrors, so hopefully we do not repeat those mistakes.
Those who defended their land where classified as combatants, were killed and their wives taken as slaves. How many would not defend their country?
Those who refused to accept Islam where compelled to pay an unbelievers tax and could not hold high office, worship in their churches nor take certain occupations. Invasion was not just for revertion it was to control and govern. As for Christians ,they where just as bad .
The Indian sub continent by certain historians, when invaded, suffered 80 million murders over three centuries by Muslims. Now it might be an exaggeration but it begs the question ,how many then?
Those who defended their land where classified as combatants, were killed and their wives taken as slaves. How many would not defend their country?
Those who refused to accept Islam where compelled to pay an unbelievers tax and could not hold high office, worship in their churches nor take certain occupations. Invasion was not just for revertion it was to control and govern. As for Christians ,they where just as bad .
The Indian sub continent by certain historians, when invaded, suffered 80 million murders over three centuries by Muslims. Now it might be an exaggeration but it begs the question ,how many then?
So?
The jizya (poll tax) was similar to zakat paid by the Muslims, so it wasn't as if they were worse off than their Muslim counter-parts. The poll tax ensured the protection from invading nations and meant the non-Muslims were exempt from serving in the army. The unbelievers were not allowed to hold high offices because it was a theocracy, and so if you are not a member of the ruling religion it would not make sense to have a position of authority. Worship in their churches was definitely allowed. No-one was forced to convert or leave their religion.
Even one person murdered is too many. As stated earlier, if this is true then this was against the teachings of Islam. But as I also said, the proof that Islam was not spread by the sword is in the fact that India was and still is a Hindu majority.
Not to mention the fact that Muslims invaded Spain only after being invited to do so by the native population in order to expel the inept Gothic rulers.
It is worth noting that under Ottoman rule, for 500 years the southeastern part of Europe was within the dominion of an Islamic empire, which at times included the Balkans and even into Hungary.
There is a sizeable Muslim population in the former Yugoslavia -- and it's only since ~1917 that the Ottoman Turks have been truly gone (including from what is now Palestine and Israel).
Yet I have NEVER heard of Bosnian Muslims calling for a jihad against Budapest, Zagreb, or Belgrade to make it a Muslim land again. Even as they became the subject of a genocide this never became a call.
So how do we square this with the generalization that Muslims always conquer by war and they REALLY do it with a vengeance when a Muslim land has been lost?
Im not sure what you mean by SO. This attention to detail and not answering the most serious allegations is a bit strange. The killings of defenders, the taking of slaves?
India is a sub continent and if you can recall, all of Pakistan was Hindu and only the defence of the rest of India saved it from complete destruction. Large swathes of India lay desolate for years after the massacres by invading Muslims
If you invade a country for the sole purpose of reversion then you have no defence of jihad by the sword, the evidence is there, no need to try hide its significance in Islamic teachings. There is a demand that every Muslim must advance Islam till the whole world believes. Its gods earth and all must bow to Allah. Be honest with your scriptures and confess them to us.
I didn't ask you about Spain, big guy, so why don't you try again and answer the damned question I asked you. And you accuse everyone else of obscuring things...