@Eudaimon,
Oh, I see there was a big discussion without me.
I shall try to express some of my views.
1) Happiness is the thing everyone wants to attain. I define happiness only negatively and think it can't be otherwise /in the 3) I'll explain why/. Thus, happiness is absence of suffering.
2) Bodily pleasures do not give joy. Yesterday I had some sweets on my table. But I didn't eat them. Today I had some biscuits. I ate them. And the outcome was the same: I have left my dinner table with the same tranquility, in the first case I didn't lose anything, in the second - didn't get anything. I think it's so evident, that only little children cannot understand this.
3) Joy comes spontaneously and it's sort are, of course, not those "pleasures" that men stive for. Another situation. Yesterday I was reading
Phoenician Women by Euripides. The story was about hostility with two brothers which ended death of the both. There was a passage there, that really filled me with spiritual joy after many days since it last had come. Here it is:
...Mother mine, our end is come; I pity thee and my
sister Antigone and my dead brother. For I loved him though he turned
my foe, I loved him, yes! in spite of all...
It was absolutely unexpectedly, I didn't think here I should find anyting like this. If I had been reading something by Tolstoy or Dostoyevski, it wouldn't be so, I guess. Simply because there I'm waiting for sth. like this. I think it quite coincides with what Icon has written.
But nevertheless, joy cannot be called happiness. Joy comes and passes away but sth. even deeper remains. Joy can exist only where there's sth. opposite to it, otherwise one would not experience it. This is just like that we do not feel the smell of oxygen or the taste of water. Dixi