@wayne,
yeah but society, as Wayne points out, is thoroughly hooked on oil. Not only for transport - plastics, pharmaceuticals, and a million other things are derived from oil.
Think about this - oil is liquid sunshine. It took billions of years for that energy to be stored and stowed away. We have burned half of it in a few generations. I researched peak oil theory last year and it is a seriously frightening subject.
Imagine a planet where they had all the same technical smarts as us, and everything else was equal, but they couldn't just whack a pipe into the ground and get energy out.
Would they have an industrial society?