@jgweed,
A robot can understand why it makes a decision just as much as a human can.
Strip away the fact that one is made from flesh and the other metal and you are left with a substrate that is programmed in some way or another. Humans induce or deduce, namely, they can utilize logic. Likewise, robots can use fuzzy logic to induce or deduce. If you approach the issue from an empirical perspective, both humans and robots use knowledge a-posteriori (after the senses). Look at the common Roomba or that chess playing supercomputer. You could say the same thing from a rationalist perspective, etc.
So if humans and robots are abstractly the same thing, a substrate with cognate abilities, why can a robot not have the ability to
understand why they make that decision. My feelings are that they can understand why they make that decision just as much as a human can becuase they are essentially the same thing.
Both a human and a computer are programmed in some way or another. But this seems absurd. How can the human mind compare to a computer chip? Maybe its ego or something like that, something that makes us feel more special than the other. After all, we created the computer and not the other way around. How can the created possess near the same abilities as the creator? But that is an ironic statement? and possibly a good argument for the existence of God.
Some would argue that a computer only does what it is programmed to do. The same could be said of humans as well.